Install a grate in your fireplace if you don't already have one. This metal holder cradles the logs, keeping them together in one section and extends the life of the flooring inside the unit. It also prevents fiery embers from popping out as much since it holds the wood in the center of the firebox area.
Install a mesh fireplace screen and keep it closed when enjoying a crackling fire. The mesh prevents hot embers from flying out, thus protecting your wood floor.
Lay a fireplace rug in front of the hearth. This prevents any embers or sparks from damaging the flooring. The fire-resistant rugs are available at stores that sell fireplace supplies and home supply stores. Look for one made of fiberglass material. Remove it once the fire-burning season is over, if you desire.