For heavy objects that you must manually move into the attic rafters, such as a couch or desk, a good plan is to get two helpers to assist you rather than attempting the job by yourself. Have one person help you lift and move the object while the other person guides the two of you up the stairs. The two lifters should pick up the object at the same time and lift from their knees rather than their back. Move slowly and carefully up the stairs, letting the person who is not lifting help coordinate the movements of the lifters.
Hand trucks can help you move heavy objects up to rafter spaces. You simply place the object on the dolly and carefully lift it from one step to another. You can also rent or purchase a power hand trunk. This machine has the ability to climb stairs under mechanical power, leaving you free to guide it comfortably up the stairs. When using hand trucks, face the object and have someone guide you as you back up the steps.
For attics that don't have fixed stairs, you can use an attic hoist to lift objects. Hoists either attach to the ceiling joist in the attic or use a metal platform as a base. The machine uses a motor to lift objects straight up into the attic through a framed opening. If your attic opening already has a pull-down ladder, you may need to frame another opening in order to use the hoist.
Before lifting any heavy objects, perform some stretching exercises to warm up your body for the coming exertion. Always make sure the path up to the rafter space is clear of any objects or debris. The surface of any stair or ladder should be completely dry. Have a space set aside to store the object in the attic. Avoid having to lift any heavy object above your shoulder, if possible.