How to Maintain a Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning System

Inspect filters monthly and replace dirty filters with fresh ones at least every six months. If you notice the filters are clogged with dirt during a monthly inspection, change the filter immediately rather than waiting for the end of the six-month period. Filter upkeep is vital for ensuring good air quality.

Disinfect coils every six months. BBJ Environmental Solutions explains that "evaporator coils which are continually damp provide one of the best places for mold to grow." Use a 50% bleach/50% water solution to kill any mold on the evaporator coils. Always wear a mask and gloves to protect yourself from both the bleach and any airborne mold spores. Additionally, make sure you turn off the system for your safety before disinfecting. Although mold is much more likely on indoor evaporator coils, you should always check the outdoor condenser coils, too.

Clean coils after disinfecting them. In addition to mold, evaporator coils can become caked with indoor dust deposits. Condenser coils outside the building can become caked with dirt and outdoor debris. Scrub both sets of coils with an acidic cleaner applied to a rag. Turn off the system before cleaning.

Clean up pools of standing water near air-intake vents every six months, especially those on or near the roof. Sop up any excess water with a rag, as standing water can grow mold. Some water buildup is normal, but if you find yourself cleaning up pools of water more often than once every six months, chances are your HVAC system has broader problems and you should consult a licensed HVAC repair technician.

Inspect your HVAC system's fans every six months. BBJ Environmental Solutions explains that fans "can fill up with dirt, lowering efficiency and air flow." Always turn off the system before looking at the fan so that you don't get injured by the moving fan blades. Clean with a damp rag for minor dust deposits, or with soap and water for dried-on dirt.

Get a certified HVAC technician to clean and inspect your system every two years as a part of your regular maintenance routine. Professional cleaning will yield the best results for maximum efficiency, and a quality inspection will let you know of any major issues that require more attention.