My House Is Leaking From an Ice Jam in My Gutter

Cause

• Ice dams are basically ridges of ice that form at the edge of a roof and typically occur when snow is present on a roof that has different temperatures across the surface. An upper portion of the roof must have a temperature above freezing so that the snow from this portion can melt and flow down the roof. Simultaneously, however, a lower portion of the roof must have a surface temperature below freezing, at which point the water refreezes and forms a dam that continues to grow upwards until it reaches a portion of the roof above freezing. The melt then forms a pool of water behind the dam, and the standing water can make its way into any cracks or openings in the roof exterior.

Immediate Action

• Removing the source of the water, or clearing the ice, should be done as quickly as is safely possible to prevent continued leakage. A roof rake specifically designed for the task or a push broom can be used to remove snow from the house. One temporary solution is to use warm tap water to make channels in the ice dam through which the water can drain. Similarly, fill an old pantyhose leg with a deicing material that is safe for the roof material, and lay it across the ice dam to create a channel. Electric heating cables can also be draped along the edge of the roof to remove portions of the ice dam.

Long-term Action

• For effective long-term prevention of ice dams and leaks, the root of the problem, non-uniform roof surface temperatures must be addressed. Verify that ceilings are airtight so that no warm air can escape to the attic space. You may want to increase the amount or improve the quality of insulation in the ceiling or roof. Ventilation-related solutions can be used to create a flow of cold air along the underside of the roof sheathing but is easer to implement in new construction than in existing structures.

Problems With Leaks

• Leaks in roofs can cause serious, difficult-to-address damage to a house. Leaks can wet insulation, making it much less effective, and moisture can become trapped within the wall cavity and lead to rot or decay. Moisture in the home can also lead to the growth of mold and mildew that can cause respiratory problems. Prevent growth by taking immediate action and promptly drying out any damp portions of the house.