Roofing Shingle Types

Asphalt Shingles

• You can drive into almost any neighborhood in the United States and in many areas of the world and you are likely to see a roof covered with black or gray asphalt shingles. Asphalt shingles are widely used because they are very cheap to produce and are incredibly effective at keeping out the elements. Asphalt shingles are composed of layers of waste paper or fiberglass and asphalt with a few other chemical agents added to act against weather and nature. Asphalt shingles are considered somewhat of an industry standard for roofers. Over time, these shingles can leach harmful oils and chemicals into the environment.

Wood Shingles

• Some homes also feature wood shingles. These shingles are made from wood and wood byproducts that have been treated with chemicals to enhance strength and durability. Generally, hardy timber from oak or pine trees is used in these shingles. Wood shingles are not widely used in modern times because, even with chemical enhancement, the wood cannot stand up to weather and time like shingles made from other materials. However, some of the oldest buildings in existence use wood shingles, some of which are still intact. For those looking for the most environmentally friendly shingle, untreated wood shingles are a great option because they do not release chemicals the way some other types of shingles do.

Stone and Clay Shingles

• Stone and clay shingles are also used on many rooftops. These shingles are usually made from very strong stone, like slate or granite, that is cut into shingles with industrial saws. Clay shingles are molded and baked. Stone and clay shingles can be very long-lasting and resistant to bad weather and damage, but can still chip and crack over several years. However, most slate roofs will be guaranteed for 50 years and may last far longer than that. They are, however, expensive and heavy.

Synthetic Shingles

• Shingles are also manufactured using synthetic materials, such as ceramics and petroleum-based chemicals. Shingles made from these materials are designed to last for many decades with very little damage and wear. These shingles are growing more popular as technological improvements are made.