Examine the rubber or metal collar around the base of the roof vent, if one is present, to see if it is damaged. Pull up on the collar if you see signs of damage, and slide on a replacement, pushing it firmly against the vent’s flashing.
Look over the vent’s flashing, verifying that it sits below the shingles above the vent and above the shingles that sit to the side and below the vent. If the flashing’s configuration is different, pry up nails on the shingles with a pry bar and reposition the flashing.
Pull out any loose nails along the edge of the vent’s flashing, using the pry bar. Drive rubber-washered screws through the mounting holes in the flashing and into the roof, providing a more secure anchor.
Lift up the shingles, by hand, that sit over the flashing, if possible. Spread an even layer of roofing cement onto the flange and then press the shingles firmly against the flange.