Most water softeners from Culligan use sodium chloride that binds calcium, iron and magnesium ions in the water. These devices collect the bound minerals in a conditioning tank and periodically flush them out through the household drains. This causes salt to enter the water system.
Many companies, including Culligan, offer portable-exchange water softeners. Instead of automatically flushing the salt water into the drain, these softeners retain the minerals. The water softener company comes to your house and picks up the full conditioning tanks, exchanging them for empty ones. The water softener provider is responsible for cleaning the tank and safely disposing the salt.
Using a system designed for sodium chloride reduces its environmental impact. Potassium chloride is more expensive and difficult to obtain, but does not contaminate water. It's suitable for people who have a salt sensitivity. Unlike sodium chloride, it doesn’t contribute to high blood pressure or other sodium-related health issues.
Reverse osmosis water filter systems are often installed along with conventional systems. They remove salt from softened drinking water, but can also remove other minerals. Reverse osmosis filters rely on a thin membrane and require some water pressure to work correctly. In addition to, they also remove bacteria and other contaminants. Reverse osmosis filters work best when combined with a sediment filter and an activated-carbon filter.