Kitchen faucets can demonstrate a number of problems that may require the disassembly of the unit to unclog it. Mineral buildup on the small screen at the spout's outlet may require cleaning to allow good water flow. Leaks can develop from the base of the unit or from the tip of the faucet. If you have a spray faucet, the sprayer can break away completely from the faucet connection. In many of these cases, the spout may need replacement of broken or worn parts, and sometimes the complete replacement of the unit.
Kitchen faucets are available in four types. Compression valve faucets feature the oldest type of mechanism, using a screw-like handle that compresses a valve against a rubber seal.
Ball valves are generally used with single lever faucets. The ball valve has slots that regulate the mix of hot and cold water from the faucet. This type is more complex than other types of faucets.
Cartridge valve faucets contain a cartridge that holds the faucet's working parts. This type is often easier to repair than other types.
Ceramic disk faucets contain highly-polished ceramic disks that slide against each other. It's the most durable of faucet types. Noting the design of these different faucet types will help should you have problems when reassembling the unit after repairs.
Before attempting to disassemble the faucet, turn off the water supply valve under the sink. Dissembling the faucet, regardless of type, often requires the use of various types of screwdrivers to lift the bonnet or decorative cap. Compression style valves often require the replacement of the O-rings. Ball type valves have a plastic ring that may need adjustment. Cartridge faucets require removal of the entire cartridge and replacement of the O-rings and seals. Ceramic disks faucets may require cleaning of the inlet and outlet disks.
Failure to note the placement of parts when disassembling can cause problems with the re-assembly process. You can make a rough drawing of the placement of parts as you take the faucet apart to prevent confusion, along with a note about the sequence of disassembly. Leaking after re-assembly is one of the most common problems after taking a kitchen faucet apart. Teflon plumbing tape -- a thin, white tape used to lubricate and seal connections -- can be used to prevent leaking from faucet parts.