Test the water. The amount of phosphate may be so small as to be negligible. In fact, some phosphates are purposefully added to water to improve quality. These phosphates improve water quality by removing excess iron, copper and lead, notes the Spon Water Consulting website. Purchase a water-testing kit made especially to detect phosphates, and carefully follow the instructions on the package.
Eliminate the source, if possible. Phosphates come from natural and man-made sources, including rocks and plant matter, and are picked up by ground water. Eventually, this water makes it into your system. In many cases, the source will not be able to be eliminated, but it depends on your situation. If you get your water from a well, for example, and you fertilize heavily near the well, this may be the source of your problem.
Install a water filter made to filter out phosphates. These can be purchased from home specialty stores. Choose one that will clean your entire water system, or for a more budget-friendly option, one that can be attached to your shower head. If you aren't comfortable working with plumbing, ask a professional to do the installation.