Understand the various types of wood stain available to make sure you have the right product for your project. Wood stain can be purchased in three varieties: gel-based, oil-based and water-based.
Gel-based wood stain does not penetrate the surface, and is suitable for wood veneers, but not natural hardwood. Oil-based wood stain does penetrate the surface, soaking in deeply to dry, unfinished wood. Water-based wood stain also penetrates the surface, but does not create the deep conditioning of oil-based stain. However, water-based wood stains are easier to apply and maintain, as they can be diluted with water and corrected with a soap solution.
Use dye-based tints for a no-fuss, no-mess project. To tint a water-based wood stain, purchase a powder dye tint, dissolve it in water and stir into the wood stain until you create the desired color. to tint an oil-based wood stain, mix an oil-soluble dye tint slowly into the stain. Powder dye mixes easily into wood stain, and can be corrected if necessary by diluting them with water. Oil-soluble dyes are more difficult to correct, as they cannot be diluted; so be sure to test the dye on an inconspicuous spot before you fully apply it.
Use pigment-based tints for a long-lasting color that won’t fade over time. Before you select a pre-tinted wood stain, make sure it is pigment-based for an even consistency. Pigment-based tints can be used with water-based or oil-based wood stain, and require an experienced hand. Pigment-based tints do not mix as easily as dye-based tints, and cannot be diluted with water.
Stir the tint thoroughly into the wood stain so the color is evenly distributed and fully absorbed. Sand the wood surface, since pigment-based tints do not penetrate the wood and will need a rough surface to which the pigment particles can grab. Test the tint on an inconspicuous spot before you fully apply it to ensure the color is correct. Remember, tinted wood stain will darken as it dries.