Scrub the siding with a mixture of 1 part bleach to 3 parts water if there is any mildew present. Use a commercial siding detergent with "mildewcide" for older siding that's been exposed to grime and the weather. Rinse thoroughly and allow it to dry for at least two days.
Prime rough-sawn siding with a stain-blocking wood primer. In most cases water-based primer works fine; but a solvent-based primer will block stains more effectively on cedar or redwood, particularly if you will be applying a light-colored solid stain.
Apply primer with a roller or brush. If you use an airless sprayer, work the primer into the wood with a roller or brush after spraying while the primer is still wet so it penetrates and adheres well.
Apply two coats of solid stain, waiting at least 8 hours between coats.
Apply semitransparent stain to a clean, dry surface. Oil-based semitransparent stain is less likely to fade and will typically outlast water-based stain.
Brush the stain into the siding with a 3- or 4-inch stain brush, working with the grain of the wood. When spraying, work the stain into the wood with a brush while still wet.
Avoid the temptation to apply a second coat of semi-transparent stain unless the product label indicates a two-coat system is necessary. With most semi-transparent stains, applying a very thick coat, or multiple coats, will cause flaking and peeling.