Make a box that encloses the top of your folding attic stairs using foam board. Foam board is easily cut with a craft knife, and then the box can be constructed using duct tape. Give the box a lid hinged with duct tape, and close it whenever you leave the attic
Cut a large rectangle of foam board that is slightly smaller than your attic door and glue it to the back of your attic door using adhesive caulk. This helps heat from escaping through the door.
Add adhesive weather stripping to the attic door and to the edges of all windows in your attic. This helps prevent cold air from circulating down into your home.
Seal any gaps with a latex caulk. Latex will expand and contract with the home, allowing a tight seal that will not be cracked by the shape of the walls.
Cut blanket insulation to a size that fits your between the joists of the wall of your attic and push them into place, allowing friction to hold them to the wall. Similarly, lay strips of blanket insulation perpendicular to the strips of insulation that are already in place between the joists of the floor. Wear protective glasses and safety gear when working with blanket insulation, and follow all of the safety information on the packaging.