Oil Furnace Pipe Leaks

Oil Pipe and Tank Leaks

• Leaks can occur in a number of places in oil systems, including the fill pipe, where oil is pumped into the tank; the oil line, where fuel moves from the tank to your furnace; and the tank itself. Tanks and piping may be situated above ground outside, buried underground or located in your basement, so there are a lot of variables to consider when you look for leaks.

Finding Leaks

• Oil leaks often make themselves evident. If you see oil on the outside of your pipes, dripping from the pipes or pooled on the ground or on your basement floor, you know you have a leak. A visual inspection can often lead you to leaks, but if your pipes are buried, you may need to hire a professional to inspect your system. Signs of unseen leaks include unexplained loss of heat, sooty puffbacks, air in the fuel line and unusually low oil levels in your tank. It should be noted that these problems may have other causes and should not necessarily be interpreted as proof of a leak.

Causes

• A wide range of factors can be responsible for leaks. Underground pipes are continuously exposed to moisture, which can cause rust and corrosion over time. Above-ground pipes and tanks should be located under a roof, awning or other rain protection, but they may be exposed to runoff, which can cause a leak over time. Leaks can also be caused by damage to an exposed oil line, undersized oil fill and vent pipes, or an overfilled fuel tank, leading to increased pressure.

Problems Caused By Pipe Leaks

• Oil is flammable, so a leak naturally poses a serious fire hazard. In addition to the risk of a fire or explosion due to an oil leak, leaky oil pipes can cause a variety of other problems. If oil is leaking out of your pipes, air may also be leaking in. Air in the line can cause improper system operation, loss of heat and low pressure in your system. Low pressure can sometimes cause puffbacks, small explosions in which unburned or partially burned fuel reignites and blows soot out into the building.

Prevention and Maintenance

• Like most furnace problems, oil pipe leaks can be prevented or at least delayed with care and regular maintenance. Avoid exposing your pipes and fuel tank to the elements, and have your system inspected annually by a technician who is knowledgeable in detecting leaks. Some insurance companies actually require that tanks be replaced every 20 years to avoid leaks.