A Freon Leak Detector for Central Air Conditioners

Freon

• The trade name of the chemical also known as R-22, was manufactured by DuPont. Created in 1928 as a safer alternative to flammable and noxious gasses contained in refrigeration units, R-22 has since been removed from the market by virtue of the Montreal Protocol of 1987 which called for the phaseout of ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons and followed in 1992 by the phaseout of hydrochlorofluorocarbons. The DuPont product currently referred to as "Freon" is R-410A, which is branded as "Suva."

Environment

• The older variations of Freon were notorious for their damage to the Earth's ozone layer. Newer varieties do not have the same properties but are still considered dangers to the environment. Because of this, homeowners are not allowed to drain, refill or repair their AC units and must call a professional. Current units that have the older coolants such as R-22 can still be refilled, but the products are being phased out and will no longer be available past 2020.

Leaks

• Freon leaks most often occur near the compressor unit that sits outside the home. The unit, which changes gaseous coolant to liquid, often operates at temperatures in excess of 140 degrees Fahrenheit. When operating, some parts reduce to below-freezing temperatures. These temperature swings can cause stress on the compressor coil. Additional damage is usually caused by children playing on the compressor unit, pets urinating, as well as impact from lawn mowers.

Leak Detection Units

• A variety of electronic detectors are available and utilized by service technicians. The device can detect the general location of a leak but might have difficulty pinpointing the exact location. Detectors come in two varieties; the first uses a heated diode and the second looks for corona discharge. Heated diode units are considered better as they are less prone to false alarms. Corona discharge units can be set off by dust, moisture, solvents and other non-refrigerant triggers. Be careful about buying older or used models of leak detectors as they might not be able to find leaks in AC units using the contemporary coolants such as R-410A

Leak Repairs

• Fortunately, most leaks are minor and can be stopped with a commercial additive that clogs the offending hole. Larger repairs might require replacement of entire loop of piping that encompasses the cooling system. In all cases, repairs must be made by licensed professionals.