Set up ladders or scaffolding to reach the fascia boards. If you're using ladders, have a helper hold the bottom of the ladder steady.
Measure the distance necessary for the new fascia board with a tape measure. Transfer the measurement to the new fascia board and cut the board to length with a circular saw.
Prime both sides and the edges of the new fascia board with primer paint. This gives some protection to the board from rain and snow. Allow the board to dry while you remove the existing fascia board.
Start at an outside end, and pry the existing fascia board from under the roof eave with a small pry bar and hammer. Insert the pry bar between the back of the fascia board and the roof truss.
Check the ends of the roof trusses where the fascia board attaches for damage. If necessary, cut short pieces of wood and nail them to the side of the truss to provide a support for the fascia board. Ensure that the end of the short piece is flush with the end of the existing roof truss.
Position the new fascia board under the roof eave and against the ends of the roof trusses. If the board is long, have your helper hold one end while you attach the opposite end.
Hold the end of the new fascia board against the roof truss and push it up so it's against the roof eave. Drive two 3-inch galvanized nails through the end of the board and into the end of the roof truss.
Move to the center of the fascia board and push it up so it's against the roof eave. Drive two nails into the board and roof truss. Go to the end of the fascia board and ensure the top is against the roof eave before securing it with a pair of nails.
Continue securing the fascia board to the remaining truss ends. The fascia is now ready for hanging the gutters.