In many cases, you can remove chemicals that have permeated concrete with an absorbent rather than with a liquid product. Common types of absorbents used for this purpose are cat litter and sawdust. Before using either product, dampen the absorbent with paint thinner. The paint thinner breaks up the chemicals and the absorbent pulls the chemicals out of the floor. Pour the absorbent over the floor and let it sit for at least 30 minutes. Work the absorbent into the floor with a brick as if you were using a scrub brush, then sweep the absorbent up and repeat the process if necessary.
A number of liquid concrete cleaner products are available as an alternative to using absorbents. These products typically are more appropriate for heavy stains, and they generally cost more than an absorbent. It is important to follow the product’s instructions and warnings. Although there is some variation in the specific manner in which these products are used, they usually are poured directly over the floor and allowed to sit for a period of time. Whereas absorbents are swept away, liquid products require a bit of scrubbing with a stiff brush. Although not required, it may be beneficial to wash the surface down before applying the cleaning agent to remove surface debris.
Concrete floors commonly are coated with a clear sealer designed to protect the concrete and to enhance its appearance. Some chemicals are strong enough to damage the sealer. In some cases, cleaning the floor often damages the sealer, particularly if a liquid product was used and the floor was scrubbed. It is better to err on the side of caution and apply a fresh coat of sealer. Sealer is fairly inexpensive and readily available. Apply an acrylic-based clear concrete sealer over the repair area with a paintbrush.
Consult local authorities before removing chemicals. Some chemicals are highly caustic and should be left to professionals to handle. If you decide to move forward, make sure you are aware of local and state laws that dictate how you can dispose of potentially hazardous chemicals. Municipalities commonly have waste treatment facilities that process the waste for little or no cost. Failing to abide by local laws may subject you to a fine and/or jail time.