Signs of Water Damage in a Basement

Efforescence

• A white, salty residue known as efforescence appears on concrete surfaces when water leaks into your basement. The water dissolves minerals, leaving deposits behind in the form of efforescent crystals. Efforescence is typically an aesthetic problem rather than a hazard if removed promptly, which can be accomplished through sandblasting. However, when crystals grow and spread inside your basement, they can lead to a problem known as spalling. Spalling occurs when a concrete surface begins to peel or flake. When spalling is ignored and left untreated, concrete surfaces crumble and fall apart.

Mold

• Mold spores need moisture to survive. Basements suffering from water damage usually contain mold spores because of water infiltrating from an outside source or interior plumbing leaks. Although mold can be any color, identify mold by a musty smell. Mold will change color or disappear if you drop a small amount of bleach on top of it. Ignoring the presence of mold in your basement will cause the spores to grow and attract fungi. In a wet basement, fungi will cause rotting structural damage, especially if your basement contains wood. To avoid this, clean mold while it exists in small quantities. Use household detergent and always wear protective equipment, such as rubber gloves and a mask. For extensive mold growth, call a professional to assess the damage and remove the mold. To prevent mold, fix any water leaks that infiltrate your basement and get rid of any standing water.

Stains

• Furniture with metal feet will rust when exposed to water, causing stains on concrete or carpeting. Inspect stained carpeting by peeling back the affected area and checking beneath the padding for trapped water that collects and damages your basement. Similarly, if your basement contains hardwood flooring, water leaks will appear as dark spots or stains. Check beneath the floorboards, and you will surely discover water damage. To prevent water leaks that lead to damage, seal any cracks in the floor or walls using caulk or mortar.