Treat all of your furniture or fabric covers with waterproof spray, which can be found at any home improvement store or online. Be sure to follow the product instructions, and spray outside without breathing in the fumes.
Buy an umbrella if you have a table that you'd like to protect. Measure the table to ensure that the umbrella is wide enough and that you have room to sit without getting wet in case of rain. Skip this step if you'll be installing a cover for the entire patio.
Buy a patio cover kit online or at a hardware store for a rectangular, conventional patio. Choose this more expensive option if you'd like something more permanent to cover the entire patio. Select either a lattice or a solid roof depending on your desire for open atmosphere or complete protection.
Obtain a building permit if your locality requires it. You can usually find the requirements from your city council.
Install a ledger board against the side of the building from which the cover will extend.
Attach the posts that will support the roof, then the rafters. Use a level diligently to help ensure that your structure will be sound.