How to Replace an Electrical Panel in a House

Consult your local code-enforcement agency for variations from the National Electric Code and changes in standard that may be applicable to your home. Update ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCI’s) and arc-fault interrupters. Ask for turn-around time in restoring power.

Plan all the task requirements. Have a portable electric generator on hand for tool and lighting needs. Consider the season before the panel exchange. Check for excessive temperatures that may have an adverse effect on living conditions and food spoilage. Clear away obstacles and potential trip hazards such as long pole items.

Allow the electric service provider to disconnect the power to the residence at the transformer. Ensure no electrical current is coming into the house. Remove the panel cover and use a solenoid or digital voltage tester. Touch the tester's metal prongs to the main lugs feeding the panel -- and assure power is disconnected.

Unscrew the individual circuit wires from beneath the screw of each circuit breaker. Label the outer jacket of each circuit wire to assure the proper reconnection of each circuit in order. Organize the panel wiring in bundles that will slip through the openings of the panel housing. Unscrew the main feeder wires from beneath the hex-head lugs and the exterior ground wire. Once the electrical components are removed from the existing panel, disassemble the mechanical attachments of the panel from the wall. Discard the old panel.

Determine the knock-out location on the top of the new panel to insert the circuit wires. Start the portable generator and use a drill with a ½-inch or ¾-inch hole saw to drill holes into the panel. File down rough edges and insert a corresponding wire connector. Pair similar circuit wires in the same hole; not every circuit needs its own hole. Set the panel in place to size specifications, make framing adjustments and secure to the wall. Tighten main feed wires under the countersunk hex-head lugs -- and reattach circuit wires to the corresponding circuit breakers in a professional, workmanlike manner.

Check the mechanical function of each individual breaker, including the main disconnecting switch, for serviceability. Set all the breakers in the "off" position. Install the new service-panel cover, and label all the circuits on the panel door's inside paper sheet known as the panel schedule.

Contact the local service provider to restore power. Once power is returned, prepare to turn on the main breaker. Have an assistant nearby, step to one side of the panel and throw the main breaker switch. Proceed using the same safety technique in restoring power to every circuit. Check every circuit for functionality. Contact the local permit department for a safety inspection, if necessary.