If you are going to use any power tool, wear goggles. A table saw rotates incredibly fast, creating potential for fast-flying splinters of wood that can cause your eyes serious harm. A nice set of safety goggles will keep your eyes safe from this flying debris. Most home improvement stores have a variety of goggles from which to choose.
One of the most dangerous aspects of using a table saw is guiding the wood over the blade with your hands. This action can result in serious injury if you lose your focus. Push sticks and push blocks allow you to apply pressure to the wood while keeping your hands a few inches away from the blade, increasing your safety margin and protecting your fingers.
While the inherent dangers of a saw blade are obvious to most people, many builders often overlook the fact that a table saw is an electrical device and thus carries the same range of electrical threats as any other tool. A surge protector will help dangerous electric surges from making it to the device and will protect the user from electric shock.
Don't wear loose-fitting clothing or jewelry while operating a saw.The saw blade can grab anything that folds or dangles off your body. Additionally, don't wear gloves, as you lose tactile sense of the wood and significant pressure control over what you are feeding into the saw. As they can do with clothing, the saw's blades can grab and pull loose glove material, putting you in serious danger of serious harm.