Mount the curtain rod in the window, and measure the length from the top of the rod to the top of the windowsill. If you are making a valance, mount the rod at the top of the window. If you're making cafe curtains, mount it in the middle of the window.
Measure the width of the window from one end of the curtain rod to the other end.
Cut the fabric for the curtain. If you are making a valance, cut one piece of fabric that measures twice the width of the window width. The length of the valance should be one quarter the window's length. For example, if the window is 36 inches from the rod to the sill, the valance should be 9 inches long. If you are making cafe curtains, cut two pieces of fabric. Each piece should measure the window's width wide and be half the length of the window long.
Fold the sides of the fabric over 1/2 inch, then over another 1/2 inch, and press. Pin in place, then sew along the inside edge.
Fold the bottom of the fabric up 1/2 inch, then up another 1/2 inch. Press, pin, and sew along the inside edge.
Fold the top of the fabric down 1/4 inch, then down another 1 1/2 inches. Press, then pin. Sew along the inside edge to make a pocket for the curtain rod.
Cut several 10-inch lengths of ribbon. You can add as many ribbon ties as you'd like to the bottom edge of the curtains. A good number might be one ribbon every 6 inches. Fold each ribbon in half.
Place the fold of the ribbon along the bottom edge of the curtains, spacing the ribbons equally apart. Hand sew the ribbons to the curtain fabric, at the fold. Tie each ribbon into a bow.
Hang the curtains on the rod, then hang the rod in the window.