What Is Used to Cut a Lino Print?

The Medium

• Linoleum is a surface covering that was first produced in England in 1863. The waterproof material was made by combining cork dust, linseed oil, resin and gum and compressing it onto a piece of jute. The result was a flexible and scrubable floor covering that was easily applied and cheaper to make than stone tile. At the end of the 19th century, linoleum was first used in schools as an engraving medium that proved cheaper, easier to carve and more forgiving than wood.

The Cutting Blades

• The blades used in cutting a lino print image have seven or eight different tip shapes that are screwed and tightened interchangeably into one wooden, pear-shaped handle. The rounded or straight bevel blades cut either toward or away from the artist as the handle is grasped in the hand. A fine pointed tip, with curved edges made to resemble a hypodermic needle, is used for precision cuts. Wide, medium and narrow V-shaped and rounded gouges complete the set.

The Process

• During the cutting process, the artist rotates the lino block so that the tip of the tool may always be moved in the same direction. The edges are cut first, followed by any areas that will appear white on the completed print. Fine lines and shading are cut last. The lino cutting blades must be kept sharp to work effectively. Flat tips and gouges may be honed using a whetstone, while the more delicate pointed tips must be replaced when worn.

Suppliers

• Lino cutting tools and replacement blades may be found at most artist supply or big box craft stores. Usually the handle and blades are sold separately, but you may be able to find a starter kit that contains what a beginner may need. Cutting handles come in a variety of sizes. It is wise to look for one that fits comfortably in your hand. Books on the art of the lino print are available in the fine art section of most libraries and bookstores.