Before electric lights were common, chandeliers held pillar or taper candles. Some of these candle chandeliers had small lampshades over the candles to keep them from being blown out if a draft blew through the room. Today, many electric chandeliers use this same theme. The light bulbs may be shaped like candle flames, and the bulbs rest on top of thin shafts that look like candlesticks. You may also see little lampshades over the light bulbs. Candle chandeliers add a very formal look to a dining room.
During the Victorian Era (just before the turn of the century), decor leaned toward the highly ornate. To match the heavily decorated fringed draperies and pattern-heavy wallpapers, chandeliers became more complicated. Chandelier makers started adding crystal and glass pendants to hang down from the branches of chandeliers. These crystals reflect the light from the chandelier and cast light off in all directions in the room. Crystal chandeliers have an ethereal look.
Originating in Mexico, wrought iron chandeliers have a heavier look than crystal or candle chandeliers. Wrought iron chandeliers come in many shapes and sizes. They may have ornate filigrees or be very simple and staid. Some have almost a Gothic look that would work well in a very traditional dining room. Be careful with the size of wrought iron chandeliers because their visual weight can easily dominate a room if there aren't other dark-colored focal points.
On the island of Murano in Italy, Venetian glass chandeliers have been made for hundreds of years. Legend has it that a monk in a Benedictine monastery experimented with blowing glass and turned his experiments into chandeliers. The blown glass is combined with swirling metalwork in bronze, gold or silver to create several-tiered designs. The price is usually dependent on how complicated the metalwork is, but genuine Venetian glass chandeliers are very expensive. There are many imitations, however, that are still beautiful and much more affordable.