Place a floor lamp either behind or next to the couch, whichever is convenient based on the location of your electrical sockets. Swing the arm connecting the base of the lamp with the light bulb and shade so that the light comes from behind the couch.
Position a narrow table behind the couch. Arrange a decor-matching lamp or two on the table. You can also use the table to hold decorative vases or collectables.
Consider installing track lighting into the ceiling above the back of the couch. Attach a dimmer switch to the lighting so that the levels of light can be controlled.
Hang sconces on the walls behind the sofa. Place one on either end of the sofa. The sconces can be changed whenever you tire of your living room decor and decide to redecorate.