General lighting, which provides the main lighting for the bathroom, is usually provided by the main fixtures attached to the ceiling. Drop ceiling designs usually incorporate large fluorescent light fixtures in the ceiling system. These fixtures, suspended from the ceiling, fit within the drop ceiling grid and replace the solid ceiling panels in strategic places. This type of design is best fitted for an office, and the tinny fluorescent bulbs shine an unnatural cast in the bathroom. Instead, use decorative recessed lights in place of the fluorescent panels for a more refined appearance. For a soft, romantic look, install crown molding a few inches below the ceiling perimeter and tuck rope lighting behind the molding.
Task lighting refers to the particular lights that illuminate the task areas of the bathroom, such as in front of the mirror or in the shower stall. Skip the ceiling light over the vanity and instead opt for decorative task lights around or above the mirror. Lights longer than two feet provide even coverage and eliminate shadows. For the tub and shower area, a recessed light provides good visibility with little intrusion. Glass lighting doors are best for recessed lights, as plastic yellows over time. For small shower areas, select a space-saving bathroom ventilation fan with a combination light fixture. Over a toilet, sconces or other vertical fixtures provide illumination and a touch of class.
Accent lighting fixtures provide small snippets of light decor. Accent lighting could either emphasize a decorative feature in the bathroom, such as a beautiful painting or a luxurious garden bathtub, or draw attention away from less appealing items in the bathroom, such as an unsightly drop ceiling or an aging toilet. Accent lighting is best used sparingly and should focus on one or two highlights in the bathroom.
Lighting that mimics natural daylight provides the best light for bathroom tasks. Halogen bulbs and compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs render crisp, clear light at better energy savings than incandescent bulbs. Low-voltage halogens produce less heat also, which is a suitable option for small bathrooms with low ceilings and mediocre ventilation. Light-emitting diodes (LED) lights are long-lasting and are therefore perfect for rope lighting. For accent lighting, low-voltage candle lights and special miniature incandescent bulbs shimmer with the perfect balance of light and ambience.