What Material Is Recommended for Low Air Loss Mattresses?

Pressure Ulcers

• The National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel defines four stages of progression for the condition. Stage one involves redness and may be warm or cool to the touch. In stage two, skin either appears blistered or thinner than in the surrounding area. Progression to stage three involves an actual opening in the skin that may reveal the fat layer underneath, while in the final stage, the actual bone, muscle or tendon is exposed.

Low-Air-Loss Surface Defined

• The NPUAP defines a low air loss surface as that which "provides a flow of air to assist in managing the heat and humidity, or microclimate, of the skin." Pressure ulcers result from the heat and moisture that develop where skin comes into contact with the mattress. Increasing the flow of air throughout the mattress helps reduce both the temperature and humidity level, creating a healthier environment that helps forestall troublesome ulcers.

Low-Air-Loss Mattress Materials

• Low-air-loss mattress systems involve a pattern of air cells, as well as a mattress cover. Both elements must be made of materials that are air-permeable, or breathable, to allow for the enhanced circulation desired. Many systems also are vapor-permeable to help reduce moisture levels. Nylon- and nylon/TPU -- Thermoplastic polyurethane -- blend materials that meet both permeability standards are most often used to manufacture the mattress itself, as well as the cover. Nylon fabrics are also lightweight enough to be practical for the hospital or home consumer. Often, they are machine-washable as well.

Low-Air-Loss Mattress Overlay

• In addition to mattress systems, manufacturers also market low-air-loss mattress overlay products that can be lain on top an ordinary mattress to increase air- and vapor-permeability. These products also typically include a network of cells and an overlay cover that are fashioned from nylon or nylon/TPU-blend material.