Cover the flooring around the island with drop cloths to protect the surfaces. Apply painter's tape around the edges of the island's countertop to protect the sides.
Sand the island top with 60-grit sandpaper. Use a palm sander or sand by hand. Continue sanding until the shine is gone from the counter.
Wash the counter with a rag dipped in a bucket of trisodium phosphate. Rinse with plain water and dry carefully.
Coat the island surface with an epoxy primer, using a sponge roller. Smooth the primer onto the entire surface. Allow the primer to cure according to the manufacturer's instructions, up to 24 hours.
Paint the island top with an epoxy paint in the color you desire. Use a sponge roller to easily apply the paint. Allow it to cure according to the manufacturer's instructions. Apply a second coat and allow it to cure.
Wipe the island with polyurethane finish on a rag. Coat the surface quickly because the polyurethane dries rapidly. Apply two more coats, allowing each one to dry before apply the next. Polyurethane finish goes on cloudy and dries clear.