Remove the headboard from the crib and put all the screws in a safe place.
Lay the dust sheet on the floor and place the crib headboard in the center. Sand the old paint to remove any loose flakes and to smooth the surface. Start with medium-grit sandpaper and then follow with fine-grit. If you want to paint the headboard in a lighter color than the original paint, you may need to sand until all the old paint is removed.
Wipe over the surface of the headboard with a damp cloth to remove all the dust.
Apply a thin coat of nontoxic VOC-free (volatile organic compounds) paint. Allow the paint to dry, then apply a second thin coat.
Cover the paint with a nontoxic sealant to protect the paint from knocks and chips. Allow the headboard to dry for 24 hours before reassembling the crib.