Open the refrigerator, and check the current thermostat settings. The temperature should be set to 37 degrees Fahrenheit or 3 degrees Celsius for optimum food storage conditions. Dial-controlled thermostats should be pointing to the number or letter in the middle of the range of possible settings.
Place the refrigerator thermometer inside the cabinet, and wait for a few hours for the reading to stabilize. Suitable thermometers are available from most hardware stores that carry refrigerator and freezer accessories.
Compare the reading on the refrigerator's thermostat with the reading on the thermometer. The temperatures should be a close match, within one or two degrees of each other, or else the refrigerator thermostat could be defective. Dial-controlled models should run at 37 degrees Fahrenheit too; select a different setting if the temperature is too high.