How to Check Refrigerator Fans

Unplug your refrigerator from the wall outlet. Flip the refrigerator's breaker, located in the home's electrical panel, to the "Off" position. Slide the refrigerator away from the wall, creating a large space for access to the back of the appliance.

Locate the fan on the back of the refrigerator, usually at the very bottom. Some refrigerator fans are located beneath the refrigerator. This will require an extra set of hands to pull the refrigerator forward to expose the fan underneath. The fan may be protected by a plastic cover.

Remove the fan's plastic cover. It may be attached by two clips on both sides. Use a flat head screwdriver to pop each clip out. Some models may be held in place by two or four screws on each side. Use the appropriate screwdriver to remove each screw.

Check the blades for built-up dust, debris or other particles. This buildup slows the fans down, preventing an adequate air flow. Use a clean, dry cloth to wipe the blades clean.

Rotate the fan's blades manually. Watch the blades to see if they catch on anything as they rotate. This limits a fan's ability to spin at the high speed required to circulate air. One or more blades may be bent or have an obstacle in the way. It may be possible to bend some blades back into shape and remove easily accessible obstacles. You may with to contact an appliance serviceman to assist in removing hard-to-reach obstructions as well as blade replacement.

Listen for popping or clicking noises that indicate the fan motor needs maintenance. If you have experience in refrigerator repair, the motor is easily removed to examine for damage. If you lack experience, further troubleshooting should be left to a professional to avoid injury to yourself or damage to the refrigerator.

Use the appropriate screwdriver to remove the screws in the center of the fan. There are usually only one or two screws. A green ground wire is attached by a small clip to one of the screws and is freed when the screw is removed. Lift the fan and its attached motor very gently from the refrigerator's back to expose the wiring harness.

Pull the small, plastic terminal outwards to disconnect the wiring harness from the refrigerator. The terminal resembles a small, plastic box with wires running into it and connects to a similar plug attached to the back of the refrigerator. Use a pair of pliers to unplug the terminal if it is difficult to pull apart.

Check the metal prongs inside each side of the terminal for corrosion or bends. Check the ground wire for cuts or burn marks. If present, the terminal or ground wire may need replacing.