Are Microwaves Harmful to People?

Radiation

• The FDA has created guidelines regarding the amount of radiation a microwave oven can release over the course of its lifetime. The purpose of these guidelines is to ensure that microwave ovens do not emit harmful levels of radiation. If a human is exposed to high levels of radiation, he can experience a burning sensation on his skin, temporary sterility and cataracts. Under the FDA guidelines, a microwave oven can only emit 5 milliwatts of microwave radiation per square centimeter or less. To put this into perspective, that is less radiation per square centimeter than an X-ray machine produces at a hospital.

Testing

• The FDA conducts testing on all microwave ovens within its own laboratories to ensure they are safe for consumer use. Once approved, microwave ovens must have a label added to them that explains how to use them properly. All microwave ovens must have two FDA-approved independent interlocking systems for safety purposes. These interlocking systems must prevent the production of microwaves as soon as the door has been opened or the latch has been released. If these interlocking systems fail, the microwave must deactivate itself, further protecting the consumer.

Long-term Effects

• While research has concluded that high levels of microwave radiation can be damaging to humans, the long-term effects regarding low levels of radiation -- such as those produced by microwave ovens -- remains less clear. As of 2011, tests have not been conducted with human beings regarding the long-term effects of microwave oven use, according to www.fda.gov. Although tests have been conducted with animals, the information gathered cannot be translated to human beings simply because animals and humans absorb microwaves differently.

Common Sense

• Consumers should always apply common sense when using a microwave oven to avoid injury. Always read and follow the manufacturer's instruction manual regarding a microwave oven before attempting to use it. Verify that the microwave oven door closes firmly when in use. The farther back a consumer stands from a microwave oven, the less radiation she will be exposed to. If the microwave oven operates while the door is ajar, it should be disposed of. Liquids cooked in the microwave for too long can heat beyond the boiling point and may explode with slight movement. Always stir liquids ahead of time to reduce the odds of this happening, and let the liquids stand and cool before touching the container that holds them.