Turn the sprayers to ensure that they spin smoothly and easily. It's possible that large, bulky items were loaded in the dishwasher, preventing the sprayers from spinning. Once the objects are removed, the sprayers will work again.
Unplug the dishwasher from the power source or flip the breaker switch to avoid electrical shock. Remove the top rack from the dishwasher, and turn it over on a hard surface. Remove the bolt that holds the sprayer in place and remove the sprayer. Soak it in warm, soapy water to remove any mineral deposits that might be clogging it, and then reinstall it. Check the sprayer for leaks or cracks that might compromise its function. Replace a worn or broken sprayer arm with a new sprayer.
Perform the same test on the small sprayer found on the ceiling of the dishwasher. Clean it to remove mineral deposits or replace it if it appears worn or defective.
Inspect the couplings on the back of the top dishwasher rack. When the door is shut, these couplings fit securely in notches in the water feed tube, signaling the dishwasher to send water to the top sprayer arms through the water feed tube. If the couplings are worn out or misaligned, the dishwasher won't send water through the water feed tube and the sprayer arm won't work. Straighten a misaligned coupling or replace worn-out parts.