Central AC vs. Room AC

Function

• The function of both central air and a room air conditioner is to provide cool air during hot months. However, homeowners use the cooling methods for different reasons. A central air system is what homeowners use when they want to cool an entire home. The cooling unit relies on a system of supply and return ducts to move air throughout the home. On the other hand, a room air conditioner is generally chosen when central air isn't an option or a homeowner wants to cool a few rooms and not the entire home.

Efficiency and Cost

• The U.S. Department of Energy reports that a room air conditioner costs less to operate than a central air unit. The report goes on to say that the efficiency of a room air conditioner is less when compared to a central air unit. However, keep in mind that a room air conditioner is generally not intended to cool an entire home in the same manner as a central unit. In other words, a room air conditioner is operating efficiently if it succeeds in cooling the intended area.

Types

• You can choose between several types of room air conditioners. One of the most common options is the window air conditioner. The Consumer Energy Center reports that a window unit is a more economical choice when compared to a central unit, at least if you only want to cool one or two rooms. A portable air conditioner is another type. Unlike a window unit, which requires permanent installation, a portable unit gives you the option of moving from room to room. The portable unit has an exhaust hose that needs access to a window; however, you can use the portable unit in any room with a window suited to accommodate the exhaust hose. You also have the option of an air conditioner that installs in the wall.

Identification

• Contrary to popular belief, there are two kinds of central air conditioner. Most homeowners are probably familiar with a split-system unit. This consists of a condenser and compressor that sit outside the home. The unit also has an evaporator, but it's inside an indoor cabinet. The second kind of central air conditioner is a packaged unit. This one places the evaporator, compressor, and condenser inside the same cabinet. The cabinet is then put on the roof or outside next to the house. A packaged central air conditioner is usually a combination of central air and heating. Unlike a room air conditioner, which is relatively easy and cheap to install, central air unit installation can cost anywhere from $3,000 to $10,000. The website Furnace Compare recommends having a licensed heating and air conditioning contractor perform the installation.