If your window air conditioner is leaking water, it could be the result of two different problems. The unit might not be mounted level in the window, causing condensation to drain out the front and inside the house rather than out the back. Alternatively, the condensate drains might be clogged with dirt and debris, causing a backup of water.
Clogged drains will not only cause water leakage, but they will also decrease the performance of the air conditioner and increase your electric bill. If the unit is not level in the window, the backup of water could rust the interior of the unit and cause permanent damage. Of course, your number one concern is probably that the water will damage your furniture, walls or floors. Regardless, fixing the problem is a must.
Verify that the unit is level in the window. Place a bubble level on each surface of the unit. If the bubble is not centered between the indicator lines, adjust the unit as necessary. You may need to install an air conditioner mounting bracket, especially if your windowsill is narrow. If the drains are clogged, you can pass a stiff wire such as a coat hanger through the drains to remove debris.
You should check the filter each month, and clean or replace it as necessary. The filter is the first line of defense against dirt accumulation, which can eventually lead to clogged drains and decreased performance. Purchase coil cleaner spray, and follow the package directions when you notice the coils have become coated with dirt and dust. You'll also want to straighten any bent fins with a fin comb; bent coils prevent debris from exiting the unit.