Store potatoes between 42 and 50 degrees Fahrenheit if you intend to use the potatoes for frying. A cool, dark basement, closet or attic works well.
Avoid garages or other storage places where the potatoes are in danger of freezing. Conversely, warmer temperatures above 50 degrees cause potatoes to sprout and become soft.
Keep the potatoes cooler if you plan to use them for boiling, baking or microwaving. For these purposes, your refrigerator's crisper drawer -- with a temperature between 35 and 38 degrees -- is fine.
Place potatoes in a plastic bag with several holes poked in the sides for either storage method. The holes allow ventilation that prevents the potatoes from rotting. Never store potatoes in an airtight bag or container.