The Best Garden Soils to Plant Seeds In

Balance of Particles

• Garden loam varies slightly, but is generally considered ideal when 10 to 20 percent of the soil is clay and the other 80 to 90 percent consists of equal parts sand and silt. Good soil needs enough sand to keep the soil porous and enough clay to retain water and nutrients. As a rule, moist soil should form a ball in your hand when squeezed and crumble easily when poked.

Organic Matter

• Organic matter, such as compost, peat moss and well-rotted manure, improves your soil and provides plants with slow-release nutrients. It lightens the soil and improves both aeration and drainage. Garden soil should contain approximately 5 to 10 percent organic matter.

Nutrients

• Nutrient-rich soil provides your plants with the nutrients they need for healthy growth. Nutrients may be added by applying fertilizer or by adding organic matter, such as manure. A soil test provides an analysis of the nutrients in your soil. Soil testing services provide a written report that includes directions for amending your soil to balance nutrients and adjust the pH of your soil.

Soil pH

• As a rule, vegetables prefer a soil pH between 6.0 and 6.8. There are, of course, exceptions to the rule, as some flowers and vegetables prefer a lower or higher pH. You can find the recommended pH for your specific plants on the back of the seed packet or in a reputable gardening book.

Drainage

• Drainage is an important consideration when planting seeds. Seeds may rot and seedlings may die if the soil does not drain properly. The ideal soil for your garden drains well and does not remain soggy.

Temperature

• Many seeds rot in the soil if the soil remains cool and wet for prolonged periods. Waiting until the soil dries slightly and warms to the desired temperature for your plants speeds germination. For example, bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) may not germinate if the soil temperature is below 60 degrees Fahrenheit, but germinate quickly in temperatures between 70 and 80 degrees.