Is Man-Made Fertilizer Bad?

The Good

• The main benefit of using a man-made fertilizer is that the nutrients are provided in concentrated forms that plants can immediately utilize. These fast-acting fertilizers are often a good choice for plants stressed from nutrient deficiencies. Synthetic fertilizers are also convenient to use because the manufacturers correctly combine the essential nutrients for you and provide you with directions to help you figure the right amounts to give your plants. These inorganic fertilizers are also typically cheaper than their organic counterparts.

The Bad

• Synthetic fertilizers sometimes leach out of the soil and end up in drinking water, creeks or ponds. The chemicals stimulate the growth of microorganisms, causing algae blooms and depleting oxygen. High nitrate levels in drinking water can cause health problems for those who drink this tap water. Because the nutrients are readily available for plant use, they are used up pretty quickly and you'll have to apply fertilizer several times throughout the growing season -- but proceed with caution. Because the nutrients are so highly concentrated, it's very easy to damage your plants by using too much fertilizer. Synthetic fertilizers typically contain more contaminants such as pesticides and heavy metals than organic fertilizers.

The Alternative

• Organic fertilizers, such as compost, manure, freshwater seaweed or bone meal, are natural alternatives to man-made fertilizers. Because the ingredients in organic fertilizers must have time to biodegrade, they release nutrients more slowly and are less likely to burn your plants. They also don't need to be applied as often as synthetic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers are far less likely to be leached from the soil when it rains -- better for your soil and better for the water supply and those that use it. You can save money by making compost and your own blends of natural fertilizers. You will need some knowledge about the types and amounts of nutrients contained so that you can ensure you give your plants the right amounts of nutrients.

In Conclusion

• Should you go with a chemical fertilizer, always follow the application, placement and dosage instructions on the manufacturer's label and heed all cautions. Mix it deep into the soil instead of sprinkling it over the ground. This helps prevent runoff during rainfall or irrigation, and it helps prevent contact with kids, pets and wildlife. Store synthetic fertilizers well out of reach from curious kids and pets. Whether you use a man-made or an organic fertilizer, thoroughly wash all edible plant crops before eating them.