Put on your work gloves and grasp the hoe's handle near the end with one hand and near the middle with your other hand. Your thumbs should be pointing toward the blade.
Keep the hoe at an angle across your body, not poised between your legs. Place your feet shoulder-width apart, your knees slightly bent (not stiff) and your back straight as you bend at your waist.
Raise the hoe as high as your hips and allow gravity to drive the blade into the ground. Using short chops will conserve your energy. Aim to strike the ground at an angle with the blade's sharp corner.
Pull the loosened soil back toward you.
Repeat swinging the blade and pulling the earth in the same stop to dig a hole. Move slightly to either side widen or lengthen it.