Crouch down or kneel on one knee behind the chopping block and hold with one hand the wood to be chopped.
Grab the hand axe on the lower part of the shaft with your free hand. Many hand axes will have a rubber grip where it is meant to be held.
Keep the axe and the lower part of your arm straight, bend your arm at the elbow and do not bend at the waist. Chop at a 45-degree angle.
Chop the wood at alternating left and right cuts to form a "v" in the wood. This will create a gap in the wood and small chippings will appear. Clear the chippings as you go. Keep alternating left and right cuts until the wood is cut in half.