Sand off the rough spots on the step ladder if it's made from wood. If it is metal, sand to remove any rusted areas. Use a coarse-grit sandpaper to soften any rough or heavily rusted areas. Switch to a fine-grit sandpaper to even the texture.
Paint the ladder a color that complements the decor in a room or, if placed outside, the colors of the house or garden. Paint it with a sponge brush, giving it a couple of coats. Allow the paint to dry.
Add stencil designs to your taste, such as a floral theme or a vine motif. Paint them on the sides of the stepladder, on each step and on the top of the ladder. Allow to dry.
Add nonslip shower stickies to the steps to keep the bottoms of the pots in place. Look for stickies that are rough to the touch. If possible, choose ones that add a decorative element to the stepladder. For example, shower stickies in a fleur-de-lis pattern would match a stylized floral theme well.