What to Put in Garden Soil to Make It Better

Preparation

• Submit a soil sample to your local extension office for testing. The report will advise you of your soil's pH, organic-material content, nutrient content and other factors and provide recommendations for improving them.

Organic Matter

• Clay soils have poor drainage and retain water longer than most plants like. Sandy soils lose moisture and dry out quickly. Adding organic matter such as grass clippings or peat moss will improve both conditions in the soil. Organic matter also will help reduce compaction and boost aeration. Cover crops planted in the fall and tilled under the following spring can help as well.

Nutrients

• Soil nutrients are among the most important components of gardening because they provide the fuel for plants to grow. Fertilizer, manure and organic matter contribute considerably to the soil's nutrient makeup. Whether you choose organic and inorganic nutrient amendments will depend on personal preference, budget and availability.