What Can I Do With Exposed Roots on a Japanese Elm Tree?

Significance

• The lateral roots of the Japanese elm carry both nutrients and water to different areas of the tree. The roots also keep the tree fixed to the ground and stop it from falling over. Sinker roots branch off the lateral roots and grow parallel to the lateral roots, adding an extra layer of protection for the tree.

Reason for Exposure

• The lateral roots of most trees may grow as deep as 18 inches or as shallow as 6 inches. Like any other tree, as the Japanese elm grows larger and taller, its root system also grows. As the roots expand, they move toward the top of the soil. Eventually, the roots push through the soil. The amount and size of the exposed roots depend on the size of the tree. In some cases, wind or other environmental factors erode the soil, exposing the roots.

Covering the Roots

• Exposed roots may cause a problem for a Japanese elm if they are susceptible to damage from snow, ice, wind or lawn tools and equipment. Covering the exposed roots helps protect them. Transport similar soil from another area of your yard or use a high-quality planting soil. Lightly pack the garden soil around the base or sprinkle a thin layer of the planting soil over the top of the exposed roots and gently pat the soil down to cover them. Be careful that you do not use too much soil, as it can suffocate the roots. Cover the largest, woody roots located closest to the tree trunk. Gardening writer and broadcaster Walter Reeves warns against covering the feeder roots, as these smaller roots take in water and nutrients for the tree. According to Reeves, 2 inches of planting soil on the larger roots is sufficient for protection.

Warning

• Do not cut or trim the exposed roots. Trimming the roots will seriously damage the Japanese elm and weaken its root system. Once the root system loses vitality, the tree is at risk for insect infestations, diseases and even death. The damage also stops the roots from adequately supporting the tree, so it might fall down over time.