Dump existing birdbath water. If the birdbath is portable, tip it to remove all existing water and debris. Use a bucket or cup to scoop out water for baths that can't be tipped. The best way to prevent algae and debris buildup is to change water daily. With daily care, just replacing water is all that will usually be necessary.
Scrub out algae and debris with a stiff brush and fresh water. If the birdbath has been left untended and has begun to grow algae or is soiled with droppings or feathers, thoroughly scrub the surface.
Use a saltwater or vinegar water mixture to remove stubborn algae. If water and a brush don't seem to be doing the job, adding salt or vinegar to the cleaning water may help. After scrubbing with salt or vinegar, rinse the birdbath several times to remove any residue.
Refill birdbath with fresh water.