A Description of Catalytic Heaters

Parts

• A catalytic heater typically consists of a propane tank, a metal plate of platinum and a metal mesh. They sometimes have a stem that raises the heating element and a lid that protrudes beyond the element, which reflects the heat downward.

Process

• The platinum plate is electrically heated. When it has reached the required temperature -- more than 300 degrees Fahrenheit -- a valve releases a flow of propane over the plate. At the same time, air flows onto the plate through the mesh to mix with the propane, serving to help break it down. As the propane gas breaks down it releases byproducts, the primary one of which is heat -- the other byproducts are water vapor and carbon dioxide. Depending on size, catalytic heaters can release heat of between 400 and 950 F.

Advantages

• As they do not require a gas line or flue, catalytic heaters are extremely portable. You can simply attach the fuel tank directly to the device and begin heating. Catalytic heaters also do not have any motorized parts so are quiet and less likely to break down than other forms of heater. One disadvantage of catalytic heaters is that the purchase and refilling of propane tanks can be relatively expensive.

Caution

• Because one of the byproducts of catalytic heaters is carbon dioxide -- although only in very small amounts -- it is recommended that catalytic heaters are only used in well-ventilated spaces. As such, despite their attractive heating qualities and portability, they are not suitable for use inside tents or basements. If using indoors or in vehicles such as RVs, always open windows while in use.