Gardenias have the tendency to die out during extreme cold and winter months. While they are generally regarded as mostly tolerant to the heat, they can suffer from a condition known as "bud drop" if they are exposed to extreme heat. "Bud drop" is plant death that takes place right before the flowers are supposed to bloom.
If you are concerned about exposing gardenia plants to harsh winters, consider growing them in a container garden. During the cold months and freeze warnings, bring the containers inside where they can be protected from the elements. Place them back outside in the sun once the weather is warmer.
Because of their heat tolerance, they are ideal for climates that do not have harsh winters. They are widely grown in the southern United States and other humid climates. If the plants are in a humid climate, however, avoid watering too frequently to prevent mold growth.