People with brown eyes have large amounts of melanocytes, or pigmentation cells, in their eyes, while people with blue eyes have very little. Just like when your hair changes to gray when you age because you are losing melanocytes, the same goes for the color of your iris.
Some diseases can change the color of your iris. For example, primary acquired melanosis can give it a brownish appearance while diseases such as Addison's disease and pigmentary glaucoma can also cause discoloration.
Medication or herbal supplements can also be the cause of eye discoloration. If you have glaucoma, for example, the use of medicine such as Latanoprost can change your eye color, making light eyes appear darker.