Cut two long inner support boards from 1-by-2 inch pine, each measuring 20 1/2 inches long. Cut two short inner supports from 1-by-2-inch pine, each measuring 15 inches long.
Place the two long inner supports parallel to each other. Arrange them so they are 15 inches apart. Slide the short inner supports in between the longer ones to form a rectangle. Attach the pieces together with wood screws. This is the top support rectangle. Repeat both steps to construct another support rectangle for the bottom.
Cut a piece of 1/2-inch thick plywood to measure 16 1/2 by 20 1/2 inches. This will be the bottom piece. Drill several 1-inch wide holes in the bottom for drainage. Place the bottom over the bottom support assembly. Attach it using wood glue and wood screws.
Cut fourteen side panels for 1-by-6-inch pine. Each side panel needs to measure 18 inches long.
Place three of the side panels next to each other on a level surface. Do not leave any space in between each panel. The panels should be resting on their wide sides. Place the 16 1/2 side of the bottom piece against the bottom of the three panels to form a right angle. Secure the bottom supports to the panels with wood screws.
Position the top, inner support structure against the top of the three panels. Screw the inner support structure in place at a right angle. Turn the structure over on its bottom. Place the remaining side panels across the top and bottom inner supports and attach with wood screws.
Apply a coat of outdoor paint or stain to the planter box using a paintbrush. Allow the coat to dry before applying a second coat. Allow the second coat to dry completely.
Place the planter box in desired location. Place a 3-inch layer of gravel in the bottom of the planter box. Fill the planter the rest of the way with planting soil.