Completely sand the dining room table with sandpaper. Sand with the grain of the wood until the table is completely smooth. Remove dust with a tack cloth.
Dip the stain brush into the desired stain color and cover the table using swift movements going with the grain of the wood. Allow the stain to soak in, then wipe off extra stain with old rags. Apply a second coat after the first coat has completely dried. The longer the stain says on the table, the darker in color it will be.
Sand the table lightly once you are done staining to create a smooth surface. Sometimes the stain can cause wood fibers to become rough and unattractive; sanding them will ease this.
Apply the polyurethane, or overcoat, with a paint brush and allow it to dry. Do this process four times to ensure a stable and strong dining surface. Allow each coat to dry before adding the next and allow the last coat to dry for 24 hours.