Decide whether your indoor dining table can withstand any moisture or sun exposure. Do not put it outdoors if you are afraid of damage to the table.
Select a waterproof tablecloth to protect an indoor table from outdoor elements. Select a standard, non-waterproof tablecloth for fairly good protection. Leave the table uncovered if you don't mind a little sun and moisture exposure, but be prepared to see some effects from the sun.
Move the table outside to the patio. Choose a spot where the table is level and comfortable. Cover it with a tablecloth. Add weights to the tablecloth to keep it from blowing away. Remove the table after it serves its purpose and replace it indoors.