Memory foam has varying degrees of firmness, with firmer mattresses requiring more weight or pressure to indent the foam than less-firm mattresses. An ILD rating stands for "Indentation Load Deflection" and is expressed in pounds, with a higher number meaning a firmer mattress. A mattress with an ILD of 20 generally means it takes 20 pounds to indent the foam by 25 percent. The most effective memory foam mattresses -- and usually the most costly -- have varying degrees of firmness throughout the mattress with a softer layer on top and firmer layers underneath.
Many memory foam mattresses will have an obvious odor to them for the first few days or weeks the mattress is in your home. While the odor is not harmful, it can be unpleasant and bothersome to anyone who is overly sensitive to scent or who has asthma problems. The scent dissipates naturally, but if it bothers you, aerate the room by opening the windows or turning on fans to create airflow. Wash your sheets every few days. White vinegar is also an effective natural deodorizer and a bowl of vinegar left next to the bed will help remove odor as well.
MemoryFoamMattress.org reports that foam made in the U.S. and Sweden tend to be of higher quality than that from other nations. Some companies bill their mattresses as being "Made in the U.S.A." because the bed is constructed state-side but the foam is imported elsewhere as a cost-cutting measure. This foam could wear out faster and show signs of compression over a shorter period of time. To prevent this, verify that the foam itself is from the U.S. or Sweden and not just that the bed was built in the country.
Due to the increased price of many memory foam mattresses, it is even more important to keep the mattress in peak condition. While activities such as smoking or drinking in bed are never advisable due to the dangers of fire and damage, it is especially unwise to participate in these activities on a memory-foam mattress. A mattress cover can also help protect against tearing or stain damage. While the cover will negate some of the foam's contouring properties, it also prevents moisture from sweat or other liquids from being absorbed into the foam where it can become a breeding ground for germs and bacteria to propagate.